人OT的免疫组化和TempO-Seq转录组分析。(A-C) 6例对照组和6例FAD受试者的人体OT免疫组化。(A)用PLP染色来区分OT中高髓鞘区和低髓鞘区。柱状图表示每个个体高髓鞘区域和低髓鞘区域的平均表面,表示为所分析的总面积的百分比。方差分析显示,基因型F=0.1, 1 d.f., p>0.05无显著差异;高髓鞘区与低髓鞘区F=26.84, 1 d.f., p<0.001有显著差异。(B) 6例Ctrl和6例FAD患者OT中Aβ的代表性图像和定量。与对照组相比,在高髓鞘化和低髓鞘化OT中,FAD患者的Aβ阳性表面均增加。在FAD组内,高髓鞘OT组Aβ的积累高于低髓鞘OT组。方差分析结果显示,基因型差异显著(F=13.94, 1 d.f.), p<0.01;高髓鞘区与低髓鞘区差异显著(F=17.22, 1 d.f.), p<0.001。(C)定量小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞标记物Iba1和CD68,显示高髓鞘OT中神经炎症增加。 ANOVA for Iba1 and CD68 yields a significant difference for genotype (Iba1, F=13.54, 1 d.f., p<0.01, CD68, F=23.24, 1 d.f., p<0.001). (D and E) Quantification of overlap in expression of Aβ, Iba1 and CD68. (D) Quantification of the 3 different microglial populations: Iba1+CD68+ (arrows “1”), Iba1+CD68- (arrows “2”), Iba1-CD68+ (arrows “3”). An ANOVA yields a significant difference for the genotype for Iba1+CD68+ (F=14.1, 1 d.f., p<0.01), Iba1+CD68- (F=8, 1 d.f., p<0.05) and Iba1-CD68+ (F=6.65, 1 d.f., p<0.05). FAD patients exhibit an increase in Iba1+CD68+ surface and Iba1+CD68- surface in the high myelinated OT, and an increase in Iba1-CD68+ surface low myelinated OT, compared to Ctrl. (E) Quantification of Aβ surface that is overlapping with Iba1+CD68+ cells. An ANOVA yields a significant difference for the genotype for Aβ surface that is overlapping with Iba1+CD68+ cells (F=24.14, 1 d.f., p<0.001), Iba1+CD68- cells (F=9.93, 1 d.f., p<0.01) and Iba1-CD68+ cells (F=12.28, 1 d.f., p<0.01). An ANOVA yields a significant difference between high and low myelination areas for Aβ surface that is overlapping with Iba1+CD68- cells (F=8, 1 d.f., p<0.05) and Aβ free from microglial coverage (F=15.93, 1 d.f., p<0.001). Aβ surface that is overlapping with all three microglial populations is increased in the high myelin OT of FAD patients compared to Ctrl. Aβ surface that is overlapping with Iba1-CD68+ cells is increased in the low myelin OT. Aβ free from microglial coverage (arrows “4”) is decreased in the low myelin OT compared to the high myelin OT in both Ctrl and FAD. Scale bar: 50 µm. Credit:衰老神经生物学(2022)。DOI: 10.1016 / j.neurobiolaging.2022.12.004